Polishing techniques for glass
玻璃經過粗磨細磨后其表面仍屬于細的“毛面”,需要拋光才能使玻璃變成透明光潔的表面,經過粗磨料研磨的玻璃再用拋光材料進行拋光,可以使玻璃明亮而具有光澤。
拋光的方法我司主要采用機械拋光。
常用的拋光材料包含紅粉(氧化鐵),氧化鈰,氧化鉻,氧化釷氧化鋯等。日用玻璃加工也有使用長石粉的。
影響玻璃機械拋光過程的主要工藝因素包含:拋光材料的性質,濃度和給料量,拋光盤的壓力和轉速,周圍環境的溫度和玻璃溫度,拋光盤的材質,拋光懸浮液的性質,玻璃拋光機使用時化學過程與機械過程的匹配度。
其中拋光盤的材質一般使用毛氈,硬瀝青,無紡布,還有聚氨酯,聚四氟乙烯等有機材料。光學玻璃拋光球面與非球面透鏡時,用尼龍鋁,鋅等薄片之外側覆蓋薄瀝青層的柔性拋光盤,這種拋光盤沿著被加工工件表面始終與之保持吻合狀態,此外采用同浸漬氧化鈰的發泡氨基甲酸酯拋光盤,可實現高速拋光,粗毛氈或半羊毛氈的拋光效率高,細毛氈和尼龍的拋光效率低,玻璃制品表面深刻,常用粗磨和細磨再進行拋光。
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